So everyone inside home network can reach the Internet thanks to NAT translation described in SOHO #004
Requirement- Basic Linux/Unix knowledge
- Service provider networking knowledge
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Overview
In the previous article we enabled and checked IPv4 connectivity between all potential host within 192.168.128.0/17 and the outside Networks beyond ISP box. But, this is pretty useless as I can't imagine my kids typing IPv6 address (2001:8b0:0:30::666:102) in the browser in order to play a FUN puzzle. (Though for now we are suppose to have only IPv4 
) So we definitely need to provide name service resolution at the SOHO router itself.
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| title | Set VRF for locally originated traffic from the SOHO router |
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This step is mandatory as it will bind traffic originated from SOHO router to a specific VRF (here: inet). So this can be also qualified as "VRF proxy-awareness". In this way all DNS traffic originated from the router will be bound to VRF inet. This is done in 2 steps. The first step is to create the proxy-profile and bind it to the main VRF inet. The second step is to declare the SOHO router as client of this proxy-profile service. | Code Block |
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| language | bash |
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| theme | Midnight |
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| title | SOHO router in VRF inet |
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| !
! step 1
!
proxy-profile pp-inet
vrf inet
exit
!
! step 2
!
client proxy vpppp-inet
! |
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| title | Setting UP DNS cache acting as DNS server for all host @ home network |
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Step -3-, configure DNS cache / server - enable recursion (recursive query toward other DNS defined 8.8.8.8, 1.1.1.1)
- bind it to a specific interface (so SOHO router will answer only DNS from this interface)
- bind it to VRF inet
| Code Block |
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| language | bash |
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| theme | Midnight |
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| title | SOHO router DNS cache |
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| !
server dns ns-inet
recursion enable
interface loopback0
vrf inet
exit
! |
So this declare our SOHO router as DNS client for 8.8.8.8 as primary DNS server and 1.1.1.1 as backup DNS server |
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| title | Configure DNS into DHCP (incomplete))to propogate default "local" zone |
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Step -4-, configure DNS into and DHCP a to propagate default dummy zone local - Use local if you don't plan to propagate a domain name
- create local as dummy zone
| Code Block |
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| language | bash |
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| theme | Midnight |
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| title | SOHO router DNS cachePropagate "local" zone |
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| !
server dhcp4 dh4-inet
dns-server 192.168.254.1
domain-name local
exit
!
server dns ns-inet
zone local
exit
! |
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Verification
| Expand |
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| title | step -1- and step -2- outcomes |
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When -1- and -2- are realised the router can resolve name | Code Block |
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| language | bash |
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| theme | Midnight |
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| title | DNS resolution from CLI (DNS query originated by router) |
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| ping www.free.fr /vrf inet
pinging 212.27.48.10, src=null, vrf=inet, cnt=5, len=64, tim=1000, ttl=255, tos=0, sweep=false
!!!!!
result=100%, recv/sent/lost=5/5/0, rtt min/avg/max/total=3/3/4/16 |
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Conclusion
In this article
| title | step -3- and step -4- outcomes |
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This can be verified only using a host connected to SOHO router. Let's assume a laptop connected behind sdn6. | Code Block |
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| language | bash |
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| theme | Midnight |
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| title | ping & ping6 hostname |
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| ...
╭─[10/31/20|3:01:19]loui@MacBook-Pro-de-Frederic.local ~
╰─➤ ping www.free.fr
PING www.free.fr (212.27.48.10): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 212.27.48.10: icmp_seq=0 ttl=57 time=3.670 ms
64 bytes from 212.27.48.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=57 time=6.666 ms
64 bytes from 212.27.48.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=57 time=6.163 ms
64 bytes from 212.27.48.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=57 time=6.118 ms
^C
--- www.free.fr ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 3.670/5.654/6.666/1.166 ms
╭─[10/31/20|3:40:12]loui@MacBook-Pro-de-Frederic.local ~
╰─➤ ping6 www.free.fr
PING6(56=40+8+8 bytes) 2a01:e0a:159:2857:b9d9:e9e0:ae30:88e5 --> 2a01:e0c:1::1
16 bytes from 2a01:e0c:1::1, icmp_seq=0 hlim=56 time=3.805 ms
16 bytes from 2a01:e0c:1::1, icmp_seq=1 hlim=56 time=6.898 ms
16 bytes from 2a01:e0c:1::1, icmp_seq=2 hlim=56 time=5.868 ms
16 bytes from 2a01:e0c:1::1, icmp_seq=3 hlim=56 time=5.729 ms
^C
--- www.free.fr ping6 statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 3.805/5.575/6.898/1.117 ms
...
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| Code Block |
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| language | bash |
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| theme | Midnight |
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| title | IPv4 / IPv6 name resolution |
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| ...
╭─[10/31/20|3:42:11]loui@MacBook-Pro-de-Frederic.local ~
╰─➤ dig www.free.fr 127 ↵
; <<>> DiG 9.10.6 <<>> www.free.fr
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 25030
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.free.fr. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.free.fr. 20961 IN A 212.27.48.10
;; Query time: 21 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.254.1#53(192.168.254.1)
;; WHEN: Sat Oct 31 15:42:18 CET 2020
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 56
╭─[10/31/20|3:42:18]loui@MacBook-Pro-de-Frederic.local ~
╰─➤ dig AAAA www.free.fr
; <<>> DiG 9.10.6 <<>> AAAA www.free.fr
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 21770
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.free.fr. IN AAAA
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.free.fr. 21075 IN AAAA 2a01:e0c:1::1
;; Query time: 5 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.254.1#53(192.168.254.1)
;; WHEN: Sat Oct 31 15:42:29 CET 2020
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 68
...
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| Note |
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As said IPv6 verification are just FYI, as we are supposed to have deployed only IPv4 till now. The point to show off IPv6 verification is to verify DNS AAAA request are working properly. |
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Conclusion
In this article DNS service has been enabled at:
- SOHO router level
- All host getting an IPv4 via DHCP will get a DNS server set to SOHO@loopback0 (192.168.254.1
- We finally have a router that enables connectivity for all hosts inside the home network to the outside world
- due to the ISP specific setup, our router had to translate inner home IP subnets to subnet that can be in turn NAT'ed by the ISP box.
- We have a consistent IPv4 addressing plan
- We now can add very exciting feature from now on. (In next articles !)
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| title | RARE validated design: [ SOHO #004 #005 ] - key take-away |
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In this example we are proposing a basic connectivity scenario. However, keep in mind that depending on your location the configuration might be drastically different. But do not fear ! RARE/freeRouter has all the features need to enable connectivity !the key take-away are: - proxy-profile usage in order to proxy DNS query into VRF inet
- proxy-profile can be used to proxy other types of traffic
- data/routed traffic is not affected by proxy-profile
- NAT64 is available. So in case you want to run a pure IPv6 network, freeRouter can NAT64 traffic for you.
- NAT46 is also available. In case you are desperate and don't want to implement a pure IPv6 home network and have an ISP running only IPv6, freeRouter can NAT46 your traffic for you !
- In the example described, we are lucky to have IPv6 public global IPv6 address. We will see IPv6 configuration in subsequent articles.
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